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Cómo Colombia se convirtió en un proveedor de mercenarios para todo el mundo

Publicado: 23 Apr 2025 12:17 GMT

Medios reportan que altos mandos del Ejército ucraniano utilizaron a mercenarios colombianos como carne de cañón para retirar a sus tropas de élite de la provincia rusa de Kursk.

Colombia se destaca como un importante proveedor de mercenarios que ofrecen sus servicios a gobiernos y empresas privadas.

Desde el año 2000, se ha reportado la presencia de mercenarios colombianos en países como Yemen, Libia, Somalia y Afganistán. En 2022, se conoció su participación en Ucrania, donde surgieron denuncias sobre incumplimientos salariales y condiciones inhumanas. Para 2024, cerca de 300 mercenarios colombianos fueron reportados en Sudán durante una crisis humanitaria. Un caso especialmente sonado fue el magnicidio del presidente haitiano Jovenel Moïse en 2021, donde 17 colombianos fueron arrestados, confirmando que el plan se había gestado en Estados Unidos.

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¿Por qué Colombia?

La razón detrás de la migración de estos mercenarios radica en la larga historia de conflicto interno en Colombia, que ha creado uno de los ejércitos más preparados del mundo, con exmilitares siendo altamente demandados en el extranjero.

¿Por qué se van?

La motivación económica juega un papel crucial, ya que el salario de un soldado en Colombia ronda los 1.000 dólares, mientras que en el exterior puede variar entre 4.000 y 7.000 dólares.

¿Cómo los reclutan?

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Las empresas de seguridad privada, muchas de ellas establecidas en potencias como EE.UU., Reino Unido, Emiratos Árabes e Israel, reclutan a estos mercenarios ofreciendo contratos "formales" a través de recomendaciones y plataformas como WhatsApp, operando en regiones con conflictos armados.

Sin embargo, bajo la fachada de servicios de seguridad, estas compañías también están involucradas en actividades ilícitas como narcotráfico, contrabando de armas y lavado de dinero.

¿Qué hace el Gobierno?

En respuesta a esta problemática, el Gobierno colombiano está promoviendo un proyecto de ley para prohibir organizaciones que explotan a los militares retirados y abordar las quejas de los veteranos sobre sus bajas pensiones, buscando así disuadir la participación en este lucrativo mercado.

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