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Descubren un misterioso objeto perfectamente esférico en nuestra galaxia

A pesar de que Teleios está mucho más cerca que otras formaciones, su bajo brillo dificulta determinar su distancia de la Tierra.

Un equipo internacional de astrónomos liderado por el investigador Miroslav Filipovic de Western Sydney University en Australia ha identificado un objeto en forma de esfera en la Vía Láctea. Los expertos lo llamaron Teleios, que significa 'perfección' en griego antiguo, recoge Live Science.

Aunque los científicos entienden que se trata de material en expansión expulsado por un remanente de supernova (SNR), una nube de gas y radiación que queda de una estrella que explotó, desconocen sus dimensiones y distancia. El hallazgo causó sorpresa, ya que en otros casos, estos fenómenos suelen ser dispersos sin mantener una forma definida. 

La historia del origen de Teleios, ubicado dentro de la Vía Láctea, es diferente a la historia de los objetos descubiertos en las profundidades del espacio.

Dos versiones del origen de Teleios

A pesar de que Teleios está mucho más cerca que otras formaciones, su bajo brillo dificulta determinar su distancia de la Tierra, lo que ha sido un obstáculo importante para comprender su origen y también genera incertidumbre acerca de su tamaño.

Los autores del estudio creen que podría estar a una distancia de entre 7.170 y 25.100 años luz de nuestro planeta y, en ese caso, sugieren que su extensión podría ser decenas de veces mayor que nuestro sistema solar.

Se detalla que las SNR perfectas se forman de dos maneras: mediante una supernova de colapso de núcleo, donde las estrellas gigantes rojas masivas implosionan, generando una onda de choque que a su vez empuja su materia hacia el interior; o mediante una supernova de tipo 'Ia', donde estrellas más pequeñas estallan en explosiones mucho más violentas.

Los investigadores creen que una supernova de tipo 'Ia' fue el origen más probable de Teleios, ya que las gigantes rojas son mucho menos comunes fuera del plano galáctico.

Los resultados del estudio se enviaron a la revista Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia y están disponibles en el servidor de preimpresión arXiv.