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La economía mundial, amenazada con un inminente 'golpe de calor'

Para el año 2030, la economía mundial va a perder más de 2.000 millones de dólares anuales por culpa del calentamiento global, advierte un estudio de la ONU.

Para el año 2030, la economía mundial va a perder más de 2.000 millones de dólares anuales por culpa del calentamiento global, que llevará a la pérdida de productividad y hará imposibles algunos tipos de trabajo debido a las altas temperaturas.

Estas son las conclusiones de un nuevo informe del Fondo Internacional para la Salud y el Medio Ambiente, publicado en la revista 'Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health' y presentado en Kuala Lumpur en un foro organizado por la Universidad de las Naciones Unidas y el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo.

Más de 40 economías afectadas

En primer lugar, el calor extremo afectará a los sectores que implican un trabajo físico duro en la agricultura y la manufactura.

Según Tord Kjellstrom, autor principal del artículo sobre el efecto del 'estrés térmico' en la economía, hasta 43 países, sobre todo asiáticos, experimentarán descensos en sus economías debido al calentamiento global. Como resultado, el producto interior bruto de China se reduciría en un 1% y el de Indonesia, en un 6% en 2030.

En una entrevista a 'The Independent', Kjellstrom afirmó que hasta la fecha no se ha prestado suficiente atención al "efecto del calor sobre la vida diaria de las personas y en particular sobre su trabajo".

Sin embargo, explicó, "si usted está físicamente activo en el trabajo, cuanto más calor hace, más despacio trabaja", ya que de esta manera, "su cuerpo se adapta al calor" para protegerle.

"Para algunos países, incluso dentro de un corto periodo, las pérdidas causadas por el aumento del calor pueden ser de miles de millones", aseveró el investigador.

"Se debe actuar ahora, no dentro de 40 años"

Según Kjellstrom, los aumentos de la temperatura hasta 2050 son ya inevitables, pero si reducimos las emisiones ahora, se podría conseguir un efecto significativo después de esa fecha.

El problema, para el científico, es que algunos países buscan maneras de adaptarse a los futuros cambios en el clima en vez de tratar de prevenirlos.

"Personalmente creo que no se ha prestado suficiente atención a la necesidad de mitigación, lo que significa reducir el cambio climático", lamentó Kjellstrom para añadir que "es muy urgente, porque se debe actuar ahora, no dentro de 40 años".